![]() It has 2 age-versions (age 2–5 years and 6–18 years) and 2 informant-versions (parent and teacher rating). Since its first publication in 2009, when it was originally developed within the framework of the DSM-IV, it has gone through two modifications: (1) in 2012, it was altered to accommodate for non-verbal children (2) in 2014, it was updated to match the DSM-5 criteria. The Autism Spectrum Rating Scales is a relatively understudied instrument which was developed for screening of children with ASD concerns (Goldstein & Naglieri, 2009). As the prevalence of ASD has significantly increased over the past 10 years with the revision of diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th edition (DSM-5), which identifies broader phenotypes of autism, there has been greater need for screening measures that can effectively identify children with ASD concerns (American Psychiatric Association, 2013 Maenner, 2021 Maenner et al., 2014). More comprehensive diagnostic measures consist of parental interview, such as the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised and the Monteiro Interview Guidelines for Diagnosing the Autism Spectrum, and direct behavioral observation, such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale-2 (Constantino & Gruber, 2012 Goldstein & Naglieri, 2009 Le Couteur et al., 2003 Lord et al., 2012 Lord & Rutter, 2003 Monteiro & Stegall, 2018 Robins et al., 2014 Schopler et al., 2010). ![]() Common screening measures include the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised with Follow Up, Social Responsiveness Scale-2, Autism Spectrum Rating Scales, and Social Communication Questionnaire. Screening measures typically involve parents and/or teachers to identify children with ASD concerns. Given the importance of early intervention to reduce lifelong impacts of ASD, accurate screening is a necessary first step. Current epidemiologic estimates in the US indicate that ASD occurs in 1 out of 44 children (Maenner, 2021) and causes significant burden for individuals, their family, and society (Baxter et al., 2015 Kohane et al., 2012 Lavelle et al., 2014 Marsack-Topolewski & Church, 2019 Ou et al., 2015 Taneja et al., 2017). ![]() It has been well known that core symptoms of ASD manifest in very early childhood and sustain throughout development. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in social communication/interaction and restricted repetitive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). ![]()
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